Ma muli o ʻekolu mau ala like ʻole o nā pale haʻalulu, nā ʻano pale like ʻole, a me nā koi kūikawā no nā ʻoihana like ʻole i ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole o nā lako pale haʻalulu a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana. Ma ka ʻoihana metallurgical a me ka concentrator, hoʻohana ʻia nā pale haʻalulu e pale mua a nānā i ka ore, a hoʻohana ʻia ka pale haʻalulu e hoʻokaʻawale i nā huahana o ka wili. I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka papa concentrate, ma ka ʻoihana lanahu, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pale haʻalulu e like me ka hoʻohemo ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana i ka lanahu maʻemaʻe a me ka lanahu hope, ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻāpana lanahu pulu me ka nui o ka wai o 7% ↑ 14% ma lalo o 6m e ka pale maikaʻi alapine kiʻekiʻe. ʻIke ʻia nā pilikia dehydration, ka pale mua ʻana o ka lanahu i nā mea kanu hydropower a me nā mea kanu mana, a me nā mea kanu mana thermal e nā pale haʻalulu alapine kiʻekiʻe. I ke kūkulu ʻana i nā kikowaena hydropower, e like me ka Papahana ʻEkolu Gorges, pono nā pale haʻalulu like ʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili, a ma ka ʻāpana halihali, ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ke one maopopo a me ka lepo mua o ka ʻiliʻili a me ka nānā ʻana i ka sima asphalt, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ia i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā alanui wikiwiki, ma ka ʻāpana kemika, ka nānā ʻana i nā mea maka kemika a me nā huahana, nā mea hoʻouluulu a me ka hui ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā mea hoʻouluulu mai nā pale haʻalulu. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōpala no nā keʻena palekana kaiapuni a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka slurry wai lanahu i nā mea kanu mana a me nā pale haʻalulu ua lilo i mau lako hana nānā koʻikoʻi.